This is an outline of a recent teaching that I wanted to share.
Introduction: Prayer (United in the faith of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Messiah, Yeshua, the Son of God)
May we “Rejoice in the Lord always; again I will say, rejoice! Let your gentle spirit be known to all men. The Lord is near. Be anxious for nothing, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God. And the peace of God, which surpasses all comprehension, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus.” Philippians 4:4-7NASB1995
The main goal is to help you spot new age practices so you do not fall suspect to its trickery, while drawing us closer to the Word of God so that we all can see the importance of seeking God above the ways of this world. I pray that after this, you would seek each and every scripture mentioned, and read the entirety of the text. Test everything back to the Word of God (1 John 4) that is mentioned and allow God to bring forth more growth in your time with Him. “For the word of God is living and powerful, and sharper than any two-edged sword, piercing even to the division of soul and spirit, and of joints and marrow, and is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart.” Hebrews 4:12 NKJV
John 14:27, “Peace I leave with you; My peace I give to you, not as the world gives do I give to you. Do not let your heart be troubled, nor let it be fearful.”
God sees, He knows, and He cares. He has a true purpose for each of His children.
But unfortunately, many have been drowned by the world, and not even realizing it at the same time because so much truth has been kept from being discussed. We might freeze in fear of worry and anxiety, the so many what if’s of circumstances that can get us trapped; which becomes ultimately focusing on ourself and circumstances instead of trusting in Christ. This reminds me of when Peter was walking on the water out to Jesus in Matthew 14:26-32- “When the disciples saw Him walking on the sea, they were terrified, and said, “It is a ghost!” And they cried out in fear. But immediately Jesus spoke to them, saying, “Take courage, it is I; do not be afraid.” Peter said to Him, “Lord, if it is You, command me to come to You on the water.” And He said, “Come!” And Peter got out of the boat, and walked on the water and came toward Jesus. But seeing the wind, he became frightened, and beginning to sink, he cried out, “Lord, save me!” Immediately Jesus stretched out His hand and took hold of him, and *said to him, “You of little faith, why did you doubt?” When they got into the boat, the wind stopped.” Matthew 14:26-32 NASB1995.
Thankfully, Jesus is faithful. He took hold of Peter’s hand and they stepped into the boat and the storm stopped. The Lord is always reaching out with His hand to help us even when we lose sight for a moment. But may we never forget that He was always there to help us from the beginning and not to get wrapped up in what is going on around us. Our faithfulness comes from who we trust and believe in, not who we think we are or who someone says we are.
We have become more concerned with oneself (keeping pride intact) instead of how we are breaking the Fathers’ heart. Our hearts often do not even break for what breaks His and that comes with a lack of being taught the importance and seeing the beauty of the scriptures or having true counsel. So often compromise and fear lingers because what the self thinks (as well as others) over-rides what God has told us.
As Proverbs 3:5-8 tell us: “Trust in the Lord with all your heart and do not lean on your own understanding. In all your ways acknowledge Him, and He will make your paths straight. Do not be wise in your own eyes; fear the Lord and turn away from evil. It will be healing to your body and refreshment to your bones.” Proverbs 3:5-8.
Romans 2:8 NASB20 - 8 “but to those who are self-serving and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness, He will give wrath and indignation.” “Love is patient, love is kind and is not jealous; love does not brag and is not arrogant, does not act unbecomingly; it does not seek its own, is not provoked, does not take into account a wrong suffered, does not rejoice in unrighteousness, but rejoices with the truth; bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things.” (1 Corinthians 13:4-7 NASB1995)
This day in age, we are surrounded by a self-focused mindset that we forget the very mindset in which we are called to have. We are called to deny ourselves, not parade ourselves. We are called to be honest and humble, not dishonest and prideful.
Let us read together in a few scriptures starting with: Psalm 34:15, 18, 22; Psalm 51:17; Isaiah 57:15; Isaiah 66:1-2; Matthew 16:24-26.
There is nothing freer than humbling ourselves to the Father, being totally honest and contrite in heart, focused on denying the flesh and removing any ill way about us. We must be asking the Lord to renew our hearts, minds, and souls, no longer wanting to take part in the ways of the world. That’s the only focus on ourselves we need to be worried about.
When we are told to deny the flesh, what exactly is the flesh? “Now the deeds of the flesh are evident, which are: immorality, impurity, sensuality, idolatry, sorcery, enmities, strife, jealousy, outbursts of anger, disputes, dissensions, factions, envying, drunkenness, carousing, and things like these, of which I forewarn you, just as I have forewarned you, that those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God.” Galatians 5:19-21 NASB1995
What are the deeds of the Spirit? [Galatians 5:22-23 NASB95] "But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control; against such things there is no law."
Isaiah 61:1-11 reads “The Spirit of the Lord GOD is upon me, Because the LORD has anointed me To bring good news to the afflicted; He has sent me to bind up the brokenhearted, To proclaim liberty to captives And freedom to prisoners; To proclaim the favorable year of the LORD And the day of vengeance of our God; To comfort all who mourn, To grant those who mourn in Zion, Giving them a garland instead of ashes, The oil of gladness instead of mourning, The mantle of praise instead of a spirit of fainting. So they will be called oaks of righteousness, The planting of the LORD, that He may be glorified. Then they will rebuild the ancient ruins, They will raise up the former devastations; And they will repair the ruined cities, The desolations of many generations. Strangers will stand and pasture your flocks, And foreigners will be your farmers and your vinedressers. But you will be called the priests of the LORD; You will be spoken of as ministers of our God. You will eat the wealth of nations, And in their riches you will boast. Instead of your shame you will have a double portion, And instead of humiliation they will shout for joy over their portion. Therefore they will possess a double portion in their land, Everlasting joy will be theirs. For I, the LORD, love justice, I hate robbery in the burnt offering; And I will faithfully give them their recompense And make an everlasting covenant with them. Then their offspring will be known among the nations, And their descendants in the midst of the peoples. All who see them will recognize them Because they are the offspring whom the LORD has blessed. I will rejoice greatly in the LORD, My soul will exult in my God; For He has clothed me with garments of salvation, He has wrapped me with a robe of righteousness, As a bridegroom decks himself with a garland, And as a bride adorns herself with her jewels. For as the earth brings forth its sprouts, And as a garden causes the things sown in it to spring up, So the Lord GOD will cause righteousness and praise To spring up before all the nations.”
Let’s look at Psalm 19:7-14:
Verse 7 tells us that “The Law of the Lord is perfect [blameless], restoring the soul, the testimony of the Lord is sure, making wise the simple.
Verse 8 tells us that the precepts of the Lord are right; rejoicing the heart; the commandment of the Lord is pure, enlightening the eyes.
Verse 9 tells us that the fear of the Lord is clean, enduring forever; the judgments of the Lord are true; they are righteous altogether.
God’s Word is filled with beauty from the ashes. God’s Word is filled with promise and truth, fulfillment and joy; where everlasting life springs forth possible. God’s Word is filled with knowledge and wisdom to renew us into Christlike children of God, which is why it’s so important to share the truth of God and the entirety of the scriptures as Ezekiel chapters 2 and 3 remind us. He tells us to share without the worry of how someone is going to receive it or if they will accept or reject it. He calls us to speak anyways and trust Him with the rest.
Look at 1 Peter 1:22-25: The Word of God is forever living and enduring (1 Peter 1:23) purifying our souls for sincere love (1 Peter 1:22). (a clean heart)
All we have to do is dig into our Heavenly Father’s Words to His children to truly know. It’s not just Proverbs 31 that is great for us to read. Sisters, [2Timothy 3:16 NASB95] 16 "All Scripture is inspired by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, for training in righteousness.” May we allow the Lord to rebuke the ill ways within us if they are there! ALL of the books in the Bible need to be searched, read, and taken in with our whole hearts. There is NOTHING that is able to break through a hard heart like the Word of God (as Hebrews 4:12 reminds us)! Each moment within tells a bigger story to us. Each section is detailed in such a way that can pierce through a sinful heart and replace it with a new and making dry bones come to life!
So often, we go seeking answers to questions or solutions to life’s problems, without seeking the answers of our Father, first and foremost. We can sometimes be found shying away to find a quicker answer when He does not answer us when or how we may want Him to. We seem to think that we can find out the answer to our questions on our own or from something (or even someone) before seeking our Creator, our Father, the One above all. The Lord’s knowledge and wisdom is far more than what we could ever imagine. There will be time’s where we will be left with having to just trust Him that although we may not find the answers now, we will when He sees is right.
Truthful wisdom only comes from the Lord, not the opinions of man nor the attempt of the dark powers of this world trying to overthrow and tear down the foundations of the Lord. We must realize that the truth may not always be what we want to hear and that the “ear tickling” messages are only put forth from the enemy to tear us away from the truth. The reality is that we all must face the truth, even if we may not feel ready to hear, but the Lord needs us to hear. [Should we refuse to hear the words of the Lord? I pray not.]
The biggest question we should be asking ourselves is “Why do we find ourselves seeking wisdom and knowledge from anyone (or something) apart from the Lord” and “are we willing to see and have our eyes opened by the Lord and not through the “enlightenment” of the world (that actually only opens us up to the dark powers of this world)?”
New Age is very well known for pulling from other forms of religions that pull from false gods or ancient philosophies, built off of the influence of the enemy and his demons, to distract us with finding our identities or being stress free. It is something that has been around for a long time and has only changed to appear welcoming to everyone, by claiming to give answers about our lives here on earth, bring “enlightenment”, or bring about a “self” focused outlook on life. Some understand what they are participating in, whereas some do not realize the dangers. They repackage the names to seem okay, and sometimes even close to what God says but it is not the full truth of what God says. We also need to understand that whereas names may change, the practice and the agenda does not. They house it as harmless, but once we begin to unpackage the enemy’s lies, we see the truth behind the mask. It becomes about either focused on idols (idolatry), self-focused (creating a self-worship), acting as if you are your own god, and/or making someone/something into a ‘god’. In turn, it focuses our shift away from the Lord, what He has told us, and moves us towards worshipping self, having control, and worldly achievements in wealth and worldly pleasures; which also gets our focus being materialistic. (Store up treasures in which can go to heaven.) This is why we have to test everything back to the Word and also the origins of things (1 John 4:1- “Beloved, do not believe every spirit, but test the spirits to see whether they are from God, because many false prophets have gone out into the world.”)
May we have our hearts and minds filled with the wisdom of the Lord, ready, watchful, perceiving as HE would have us do, being mindful of the trickery and schemes of the enemy.
If we go back to the serpent’s interaction with Eve, all Adam and Eve ever knew was good. The serpent and his ‘craftiness’ in ‘manipulating’ made it seem as if she was missing out on something and that if it seems good, then it must be. Only to find out that she truly wasn’t “missing” anything and God was never truly hiding anything from them, but only protecting them from the evil that lurked, wanting to only give them good. Although it seemed okay and the cunning persuasion sounded good, it was not truthful, and it worked to have Eve disobey God, inevitably effecting others. She also did not need to seek anything from none other than our Heavenly Father for her needs. She got to sit amongst Him and discuss anything. God was there to answer any question and spoke with them in the garden. She did not need to partake in the fruit. Nor did she need to seek wisdom from anything.
Our loving Father knew that when we knew what evil was, we would have to be separated from Him. God, the Father, never even intended to hide it from them, for they knew it was the “tree of the knowledge of good and evil” in Genesis 2:9. The Lord provided everything that was good and suitable, all of which would provide abundance and sustainability for a good and prosperous life.
Following in Genesis 2:16-17 when the Lord spoke to Adam saying, “The LORD God commanded the man, saying, “From any tree of the garden you may eat freely; but from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat from it you will surely die.”” The Hebrew and Greek definitions behind death or dead means to be “separated or cut off.”
As the word of the Lord reminds us in Genesis 3:1, “the serpent was more crafty than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made. And he said to the woman, “Indeed, has God said, ‘You shall not eat from any tree of the garden’?”” The serpent questioned what God had said.
‘More crafty’ is also worded as more subtle in some translations. When we go into the meaning behind “more crafty” we uncover that Strong’s definition of the root word to more subtil, is ʿārûm (aw-room' in Hebrew) meaning: to be (or make) bare; smooth talking to be cunning (usually in a bad sense)- also meaning manipulative- taking part in crafty (counsel). (troublesome meddler)
The Lord reminds us in [Matthew 7:15-25 NASB95] that we need to "Beware of the false prophets, who come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly are ravenous wolves. "You will know them by their fruits. Grapes are not gathered from thorn [bushes] nor figs from thistles, are they? "So every good tree bears good fruit, but the bad tree bears bad fruit. "A good tree cannot produce bad fruit, nor can a bad tree produce good fruit. "Every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire. "So then, you will know them by their fruits. "Not everyone who says to Me, 'Lord, Lord,' will enter the kingdom of heaven, but he who does the will of My Father who is in heaven [will enter.] "Many will say to Me on that day, 'Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in Your name, and in Your name cast out demons, and in Your name perform many miracles?' "And then I will declare to them, 'I never knew you; DEPART FROM ME, YOU WHO PRACTICE LAWLESSNESS.' "Therefore everyone who hears these words of Mine and acts on them, may be compared to a wise man who built his house on the rock. "And the rain fell, and the floods came, and the winds blew and slammed against that house; and [yet] it did not fall, for it had been founded on the rock.” (Psalm 19 also states the Lord as our Rock, along with many other scriptures.)
All of this brings to light why Jesus tells us in Matthew 10:16 “Behold, I send you out as sheep in the midst of wolves; so be shrewd (wise) as serpents and innocent as doves.” The word shrewd in Hebrew is phronimos means intelligent, wise, and prudent; to be able to put things together, have insight, while showing correct perceptions. The root word of the Hebrew word for phronimos (shrewd) was just WOW to me, phren, which means the midriff or diaphragm, which is the parts of the heart, but also meaning the mind which is the part of perceiving and judging.
It is the same Hebrew word used with the parable of the ten virgins in Matthew 25:1-4 when discussing the wise/prudent bridesmaid; 1 “Then the kingdom of heaven will be comparable to ten virgins, who took their lamps and went out to meet the bridegroom. “Five of them were foolish, and five were prudent. “For when the foolish took their lamps, they took no oil with them, but the prudent took oil in flasks along with their lamps.”
May we not get caught as foolish bridesmaids and may we take what Christ said to our hearts, minds, and souls; perceiving and judging righteously.
May we remember from Ephesians 6, “Put on the full armor of God, so that you will be able to stand firm against the schemes of the devil. For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the powers, against the world forces of this darkness, against the spiritual forces of wickedness in the heavenly places. Therefore, take up the full armor of God, so that you will be able to resist in the evil day, and having done everything, to stand firm. Stand firm therefore, HAVING GIRDED YOUR LOINS WITH TRUTH, and HAVING PUT ON THE BREASTPLATE OF RIGHTEOUSNESS, and having shod YOUR FEET WITH THE PREPARATION OF THE GOSPEL OF PEACE; in addition to all, taking up the shield of faith with which you will be able to extinguish all the flaming arrows of the evil one. And take THE HELMET OF SALVATION, and the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God. With all prayer and petition pray at all times in the Spirit, and with this in view, be on the alert with all perseverance and petition for all the saints, and pray on my behalf, that utterance may be given to me in the opening of my mouth, to make known with boldness the mystery of the gospel, for which I am an ambassador in chains; that in proclaiming it I may speak boldly, as I ought to speak.” Ephesians 6:11-20, NASB1995 (Bible, Ephesians 6)
The spiritual forces are referring to Satan and his demons, those that rebelled and are often referred to as the Fallen Angels of wickedness that are full of malice, evil purposes, wicked intent and desires, and filled with iniquity. This darkness seeks to influence us to rebel against our Heavenly Father. We must stay in the ways of the Lord. Satan comes to try and undo what God has done because Satan does not want the captives to be set free. Stand firm sisters, so that the devil has no ground/right and we are faithfully united with our Savior and Lord Jesus Christ, for eternity. Oftentimes it is questioned if a spirit world exists, or even if the spiritual realm has much of an effect on us. The Lord continuously tries to protect us from participating in such. He knows we have a true enemy and just as it was said about the enemy in [John 8:44 NASB95] "for he is a liar and the father of lies.” God outlines many times in His word that it does exist, and even the Pharisees knew (Matthew 12:22-29). There was no question about it. Even Ephesians 6 expresses the validation of who the battle really lies with.
(Skip down to Ephesians 6:24, may we be encouraged, “Grace be with all those who love our Lord Jesus Christ with an incorruptible love.” An incorruptible love means “untainted; not lukewarm; not believing the lies and deceitfulness; not being disobedient; but to be sincere, truthful, loyal, pure, incorrupt.”)
Now in order to remain incorrupt, we must be aware of the lies and trickery of the enemies deceitful scheming. Let’s dig into what the new age says and test it back to the word of God. Always keep in mind, our Heavenly Father seeks to warn and protect, bringing us back to Him. 1st Claim: “The New Age movement's immediate predecessor was New Thought, likewise a loose grouping of spiritual teachers, healers, new religious denominations, and philosophers. New Thought emphasized the divinity within each person while teaching that God is "supreme, universal, and everlasting." Its most important concept-repeated by numerous New Age teachers-was that "thoughts are things." In other words, "right thinking" can cure illness as well as creating better conditions (wealth, love, etc.) in an individual's life. New Thought, which was at its height from the 1880s through the 1930s, produced three enduring religious denominations: the Unity Church (Unity School of Christianity), the Church of Divine Science, and Religious Science.” Also, “Journals served as a common core for the emerging New Age movement, bringing together a readership that shared a vision for self- and world-transformation through religious practices outside the western Jewish-Christian mainstream, notably alternative healing methods, Asian meditation and yoga techniques, channeling of spirits, development of psychic powers, and learning of esoteric knowledge.” (New Age Origins, Beginnings, n.d.) “The most influential of these texts were purported to be channeled. New Age practitioners believe that through channeling a person enters a form of alternate consciousness during which a higher being, often an angel, enlightened soul, or spirit, uses the person as a communication vessel.” (New Age Origins, Beginnings, n.d.)
We see In Deuteronomy 18:9-14, that God said “When you come into the land that the LORD your God is giving you, you shall not learn to follow the abominable practices of those nations. There shall not be found among you anyone who burns his son or his daughter as an offering, anyone who practices divination (witchcraft) or tells fortunes or interprets omens, or a sorcerer or a charmer (casts spells) or a medium or a necromancer (spiritists) or one who inquires of the dead, for whoever does these things is an abomination to the LORD. And because of these abominations the LORD your God is driving them out before you. You shall be blameless before the LORD your God, for these nations, which you are about to dispossess, listen to fortune-tellers and to diviners (witchcraft). But as for you, the LORD your God has not allowed you to do this." (Deuteronomy 18:9-14)
Real quick: Necromancy/divination mainly began in Egypt, Greece, and Rome. It involves inscription of symbols, spells, and sacrifice, done by wizards or sorcerers. Necromancers call upon the ‘dead’ to foretell future events, discover what they call as hidden knowledge; it is witchcraft that communicates with demons.
“‘You shall not eat anything with the blood, nor practice divination or soothsaying. ‘Do not turn to mediums or spiritists; do not seek them out to be defiled by them. I am the Lord your God.” Leviticus 19:26, 31 NASB1995
The NKJV- “'Give no regard to mediums and familiar spirits; do not seek after them, to be defiled by them: I [am] the LORD your God,” [Leviticus 19:31 NKJV].
Soothsayers today are in alignment with diviner’s, fortunetellers (astrologers), crystal gazers, psychics, spiritist, mediums, palmist, palm readers, tarot cards, all done through conjuring/channeling familiar spirits/demons. An observer of times is used with divination and enchantments. A charmer deals with making spells and charms. A wizard calls on familiar spirits and ghosts; they are like necromancers and soothsayers.
As the Lord tells us in Lev 20:6-8, “‘As for the person who turns to mediums and to spiritists, to play the harlot after them, I will also set My face against that person and will cut him off from among his people. You shall consecrate yourselves therefore and be holy, for I am the Lord your God. You shall keep My statutes and practice them; I am the Lord who sanctifies you.” Leviticus 20:6-8 NASB1995
We see that such practices are an abomination unto the Lord, which the Lord has forbidden us to partake in. He knows that it is dangerous, for it messes with the world of Satan and the enemy’s trickery, craftiness, and lies.
Another scripture to share is Isaiah 8:19 (NASB95) “When they say to you, “Consult the mediums and the spiritists who whisper and mutter,” should not a people consult their God? Should they consult the dead, on behalf of the living?”
What is the whispering and muttering? Soothsayers in this sense mutter, groan, or sigh in their communication with their demons. The necromancers imitate a low and slender voice of the “shades of the dead”. It is basically the language of communicating with demons, a false version of tongues that we see hitting the church at full throttle. We tend to not read the entirety of scripture to realize the truth of which tongues the disciples were referring to. It was not muttering sounds and random blends of letters. The tongues mentioned in the bible (Mark 16:17; Acts 2; Acts 10:46; Acts 19:6; 1 Corinthians 12, 13, 14) is where one speaks another native language, whether it be Arabic, Hebrew, Spanish, etc. So, these scriptures in itself opens up a wide context of meaning that God tells us and warns us about. He doesn’t leave us not knowing and if we get stuck in thinking He is hiding things, we will miss it. (We have to search the scriptures with the Lord. We cannot constantly depend on others. That ultimately puts our faith in man over God and as God tells us in Isaiah 2:22, “Stop regarding man, whose breath of life is in his nostrils; for why should he be esteemed?”)
Demons operate psychic readings and will pull partial truths in, hoping to lock you into wanting more information, only to be later fed lies, confusion, and chaos after getting trapped. One thing to remember is that tarot cards and angel cards are a form of divination. As these are not talking to nice angels, they are talking to demons disguising themselves as angels of light, claiming to be spirit guides or familiar spirits, as spiritist rely heavily on their guides. The very attempt to even look into getting a reading opens you up to the demons to prowl and lurk to see what you do in order to try and pull together information to trap the user in.
The demonic realm only has access to a short amount of information at that time. They only tell you enough to make you feel like it’s the truth or trustworthy, when it is a lie from the father of lies. They are not all knowing like our Heavenly Father is.
How do they have access to some truths? This answer may be a hard one to hear. We must keep in mind we cannot serve God and follow the darkness as 1 John 1:5-7 tells us. Also, if we are following the darkness, then the spirit that is in the darkness has access to our thoughts. Where do I get that conclusion? Let’s look at 1 Corinthians 2:11-12, “For who among men knows the thoughts of a man except the spirit of the man which is in him? Even so the thoughts of God no one knows except the Spirit of God. Now we have received not the spirit of the world, but the Spirit who is from God, so that we may know the things freely given to us by God.”
The Lord is faithful in what He tells us, we do NOT need to turn to the enemy sisters. The devil always tries to counterfeit what God does, so that he can bring in lies, to get confusion started. As [2 Corinthians 11:14-15 NKJV] reminds us, “And no wonder! For Satan himself transforms himself into an angel of light. Therefore, it is no great thing if his ministers also transform themselves into ministers of righteousness, whose end will be according to their works.”
Another Claim of the new age says,: “The New Age movement comprises of a loose collection of individuals and groups who employ a variety of religious practices such as channeling, crystal work, and alternative healing in order to transform both themselves and the wider world.” (New Age Origins, Beginnings, n.d.) “During the first decade of the growth of the New Age, two sets of channeled content not only became best sellers in the New Age market, but provided common language and concepts within the community. They also introduced channeling to a broader audience of New Age practitioners, making it one of the most common beliefs and practices within the movement.” (New Age Origins, Beginnings, n.d.) “the Harmonic Convergence attendees' claims that a new era had dawned, the attention that media outlets paid to both not only attracted attention to the New Age, but served as a manner for New Age practitioners to realize that they were not merely individuals in a spiritual quest, but members of a broader religious movement.” (New Age Origins, Beginnings, n.d.)
What are some things that have slid into the church in relation to these claims?
The Enneagram is one. It was produced through automatic writing, which is from trace-channeling demons. This places it as a form of divination. Claudio Naranjo said that it once was only a secret enneagram teaching. He also based his teaching on threading through the weaves of consciousness. It then came about the personality test which are called the enneagram types which was formed through automatic writing as well. The enneagram itself was brought about through channeling higher beings (demons) and then Naranjo claimed to observing people to see how they acted to see if it went along with his findings, but was originally claimed by being pulled from ancient Babylonians to receive credit. It is widely used in the occult as it was formed through the occultic origin and practices. It does not have Christian origins at all. The creators of it even admit to that and proudly express that it was produced through automatic writing from a ‘higher power’ which are the demonic. Oscar Ischazo came up with the 9 pointed geometric shape; the types formed the numbers around the points, and also created an occultic “dance” that goes with it and they move by going to directions where they add up to the number 9. There is actually an International Enneagram Association and there is even a roundtable meeting with what they call the “Masters.”
The enneagram is advertised as helping to find “one-self” or understand ourselves, but in reality it is a fleshly self, a false self, a sinful self, the self born of sin. People use it to find answers to why they are the way they are or those around them. They will even become critical of others and use it as the answer to all with why a friend, spouse, or even their selves are acting a certain way.
It becomes self-focused and becoming critical of others. It is used as an excuse to be the way they are instead of denying the flesh (crucifying the flesh) as we have been called to do. It has the person being stuck and being okay with it. Many times people make choices based off of their enneagram type and even ministries will determine who helps with what based off of their enneagram type. They will even partner up in clicks of shared types.
We need to keep in mind that The Lord has already answered many of our questions and although they may be hard to hear, we need to be open to hearing them. We will not hear them from the main-stream or through demonic means, though. We will only find those answers through genuinely seeking the words of the Lord, trusting Him above ourselves, and letting Him show us the ugly parts in us and around us, while giving them to Him as we crucify those ugly parts and guard ourselves (Armor of God), repenting for those actions and letting Christ transform our hearts. In turn, the Lord can take everything the enemy intended for evil and bring about so much good from it. The only thing we need to help us identify the ill ways within us, is the good Lord, His word, and His Spirit. We will also find our greater purpose which is what many of us get mentally paralyzed over and freeze. (Psalm 51:10-13; Psalm 139:1-2, 23-24; Jeremiah 17:9-10; Ephesians 5:5-14)
Energy Healing, also labeled as alternative healing. This alternative healing involves directing, manipulating, balancing, summoning, or channeling energy (spirits or what they call a force). There are many forms of energy healing. They come in the form of reiki healing, aromatherapy, Hindu chakra balancing and many others. They believe it is a faith of force that can cause vibrations in words or thought, along with pulling from vibrations through either music, essential oils, meditation, psychic healings, and yoga. This has a person operating as their own god and ultimately relying on the dark forces of this world. (Ephesians 6:12)
Crystal therapy healing has been used as an idol for healing and protection for a long time. People believe that they have power and can even boost psychic abilities, and help with emotional and/or psychological healing, and physical body healing. It is thought that they can amplify positive energy, block negative energy, and/or used for protection. They are said to have special powers to cleanse and heal. They have been used to harness energy, or pull energy from, in some rituals and spells. If we think that we ‘need’ crystals, then we end up idolizing the creation over the Creator. If you have used crystals in witchcraft and for spiritual purposes, please pray about removing them from your home. If you have not, no need to worry. The crystals themselves are not harmful, it is when they are used for idols and for the means of “healing” or “harnessing energy.” Crystals are very beautiful, God’s creation is so beautiful, but as mentioned, we cannot worship the creation. (Exodus 20:2-6, 23; Job 28:12-28; Proverbs 8:10-13; Psalm 91:1-4; Jeremiah 17:14; John 14:6)
The Law of Attraction movement is a huge part of Satan’s counterfeit agendas. It focuses on meditating on what you want, in hopes that it will manifest. Law of Attraction comprises of reciting mantras to bring things into being (“claim it” into being.) They believe that their words and thoughts carry vibrations as if words have a greater power and can determine reality. When we break down the teaching of the LOA movement, it also teaches that like attracts like, you attract what you desire by thought. They teach that thinking a certain way can create your own reality and trying to manifest what is wanted or desired. The LOA came from channeled entities, saying to bring in “hidden laws of the universe.” Channeled content is receiving information from familiar spirits that God rebukes. They tell the person that if you didn’t get what you want, then the user is told they are lacking faith. Does this sound familiar? That’s because it’s the Word of Faith movement that’s moved into the churches; the health, wealth, and claim it in the being that was mentioned a moment ago; also labeled the prosperity ‘gospel.’ As well as many of the “I am” affirmation movements that have us claiming to be the Great “I am”.
It has the user becoming self-focused, rather than being in alignment with the will of God. Christ never told us to speak things into existence or to create manifestation of things by the means of the world. We are told to deny our fleshly desires, to take up the will of the Father through none other than the Lord Jesus Christ; for He is the way, the truth, and the life. It is not by the means of mantras. LOA has a person operating as their own god and ultimately relying on the dark forces of this world.
One thing we need to keep in mind before we move on is that Helena Blavatsky labeled the Law of Attraction movement. She has been heavily involved in many of the practices that go against our true Heavenly Father, Creator, who sits above all. She is a well known occultist. Phineas Quimby was known as the father of new thought teachings in the 1800s promoting occultism and Gnosticism. Kenneth Hagin helped get the LOA movement what it is today.
Helena created what’s called Theosophy in the 19th century as a way to bring in universalism: “form a nucleus of universal brotherhood of humanity without distinction of race, creed, sex, caste, or color.” This worked to merge “truths” to join all religions, cherry picking all the way around, to ‘coexist.’ (Caste means hereditary classes of the Hindu society, distinguished by relative degrees of ritual purity or pollution and of social status.) Theosophy was prompted by her “ascended masters” which are the fallen angels that claim to be coming in the ‘golden era’ but not until full enlightenment has been ‘released.’ People meet with “ascended masters” through meditation which leads to astral projection. Astral projection in itself is used sorcery/witchcraft (altering substances), a massive deception. Many will add substances to reach a higher stance and get through more and to be able to come in contact with “higher beings.” (This is seeping into the church with christ consciousness and also ‘universal christ.’ (Richard Rohr teaches the universal christ heresy and that there is “hidden knowledge.”) I so wish I did not even have to mention this as many think they are meeting with Christ Jesus when doing this.)
The eastern esoteric knowledge is claimed as “divine wisdom.” But we are aware where the true wisdom comes from. Satan tries to mimic our Lord by counterfeit means, seeking to have others question our Father (as he did with Eve) and trust his ways over what God has told us. Satan tries really hard to have people intermingle all religions to get people conflicted about God and thinking there is another way. (Reflect upon John 10:1, 7-10)
Another claim of the new age states that: There are “four themes: a concern with powers of the mind, reliance on ancient or supposedly ancient cosmologies, a concern with "energies," and a therapeutic concept of salvation that emphasizes physical and mental healing. Metaphysical religions often include elements of European mysticism and occultism (including Freemasonry and Rosicrucian philosophy), concepts from Hinduism and Buddhism, and Native American legacies of shamanism and earth energies.” (https://www.patheos.com/library/new-age/origins/beginnings) (New Age Origins, Beginnings, n.d.)
Let’s read Isaiah 47:12-13 as it has something to say about astrologers. Now as far as astrology, it is also classified under fortune telling, which is a form of divination that began with the ancient Babylonians. Astrologer means to be a horoscopist; those that divine the heavens for purpose of horoscope. It deals with sorceries which is magic/witchcraft. The ancient Babylonians observed the sun, moon, planets, and constellations to see if the stars brought a message, which is known as star gazing. They observed the signs and constellations instead of seeking the one true God (worshipping creation rather than the creator). They saw the planets as representations of their (false) gods: Jupiter being Murdock (which was known as the patron god of Babylon), Venus being Ishtar, Saturn being Ninurta, Mercury being Nabu, and Mars being Nergal. Through the star gazing, they then started watching people around them and started classifying certain behavior characteristics they exhibited during those time periods and started looking into their birth days to correlate them with what we called zodiac signs. This got so indwelled into them that they started believing and worshipping their ‘signs’ and ‘birth charts’. We see that even today as people will route their entire life around their ‘zodiac signs’ and their daily ‘horoscopes.’ They wanted to form their own worship, inevitably worshipping self, the sun, the moon, stars, and planets; completely the opposite of what God has spoken to us about.
In reality, this ideology puts a person being self-focused, a false sense of who someone is, and limits the ability to understand who you are. It becomes self-centered, self-conscious, and critical of others. One thing even those who step away from astrology, that taught it, will tell you that all the zodiac signs describe different human characteristics, but not everyone lines up with what is said with their sign but they will rationalize it and ignore what doesn’t fit and still claim it to be all knowing. Astrology, in itself, is a pseudoscience which is a collection of beliefs or practices mistakenly regarded as being based on scientific method; claiming to be both scientific and factual but are not.
[Deuteronomy 4:19 NASB95] 19 "And [beware] not to lift up your eyes to heaven and see the sun and the moon and the stars, all the host of heaven, and be drawn away and worship them and serve them, those which the LORD your God has allotted to all the peoples under the whole heaven.” (Also, Genesis 1)
With this last claim, we will be looking at history and further exposing the enemies tactics along with outlining the truths of our Heavenly Father: “In practice, Theosophists sought to introduce concepts drawn from Asian religious traditions, such as karma and reincarnation, to the western religious world.” “The Indian yogi Swami Sivananda's (1887-1963) books on yoga practice and his disciples' world tours brought the practice of yoga to the West, where it became one of the hallmark features of the New Age.” “The final major influence on the New Age, the human potential and transpersonal psychology movements, offered a language of self-actualization and psychological development to parallel the more explicitly religious language borrowed from Hinduism and Buddhism. “Transpersonal psychology developed because its proponents argued that psychology needed to abandon the rigidly scientific approach and adopt a more spiritual understanding of humanity. Under the guidance of leaders such as Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) and Aldous Huxley (1894-1963), the human potential movement expanded transpersonal psychology into a system intended to assist individuals to become what Maslow called "self-actualized."” (https://www.patheos.com/library/new-age/origins/influences ) (New Age Origins, Influences, n.d.) We can see the influences of the enemy working to push his agenda, very widely.
Yoga started with Hinduism and then into Buddhism. The most common combinations used with yoga are breathing techniques, meditations, and movements. Many will choose yoga because it is advertised for exercise with the intentions of helping our bodies. But the origins that use yoga, do not use it for exercise. Yoga means to yoke with, open to, or to unite with the spiritual realm to become a receiver from the spiritual realm. Little do many of us realize though is that the poses itself activate the spiritual realm, submitting to false gods, and overtime with consistent participation in yoga, the levels in which the spiritual realm can have influence or pull from you is intensified. The false gods the user submits themselves to are actually bowing to Hindu gods (one of which worshipping what they call the ‘sun god’, which in turn submit themselves to demons. {The warrior poses are found to represent a murder scene.} Yogi’s also use mantras and chants to bring the person reciting them into a what they call a ‘higher consciousness.’ (“Om” is actually the representation of the pagan god Ishvara. In Exodus 23:13 that the Lord told His people to be on guard and not to mention the name of other gods, nor let them be heard from the mouth.) Yogi teaches that you can attain special abilities to tell past and future through meditation. Some religions use sorcery in mindfulness meditation, and even those that are heavy into the New Age trends to increase the influence. When meditation is mastered, it lays the “ground work” as they call it, for powers and leads to absolute knowledge of all that is perceived; which is what they call esoteric experiences (Gnosticism).
The enemy loves to have us meditate on his doctrines in order to lead us away from God’s Word. The devil tries to disguise it as love and light, trying to copy God, but it is darkness disguised as light as our Heavenly Father warns us of.
In Matthew 11:28-30; Jesus tells us, “Come to Me, all who are weary and heavy-laden, and I will give you rest. Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. For My yoke is easy and My burden is light.” And Galatians 5:1 “Stand fast therefore in the liberty where with Christ has made us free, and be not entangled/subject again with the yoke of bondage/slavery.”
Yoga gets pushed by many medical and holistic practices and one thing I’ve recently seen what’s called “asana” which is said to keep the body steady and easy for meditation and mindfulness practice that claims to prepare the user to ‘gain mastery’ of the thought patterns of the mind so that ‘self-realization’ can be experienced. It is a physical practice of yoga, it’s just basically a different name for the poses or postures of yoga. One of the postures called the Lotus posture will activate and balance the Hindu chakras and quiets the thoughts; Hindu chakra balancing is a big thing in the new age and it is actually pushed in the holistic and medical fields by practitioners.
The Hindu chakra involves energies (what they call the energy wheel). It is demonic and is used to reach the kundalini awakening through manifestation. It has the user twitching and exhibiting some wild body movements that happen uncontrollably. The user is not the one doing the movements, the possession of the demon spirit is what is causing the reactions.
Hinduism uses mantras (muttering, reciting, known as ‘jatha’ or ‘japa’), breathing techniques, and meditation. The Rig Veda is their scriptures and texts that they go by and one of the oldest of their texts. A few main purposes they use it for are to communicate with the dead, controlling the thoughts and actions, quieting the consciousness, or a remedy for illness. Meditation can cause a wide range of psychological and physiological changes. Mantras consist of a word or sound being repeated to aid concentration in meditation. It is an instrument of thought that can be alluded to help concentration, bring intensity, and spiritualized the consciousness of one person. (This is what they call enlightenment.)
With Hinduism, you choose whichever deity to worship that cling to one’s spiritual cravings, swaying to and fro, to whatever tickles the ear and makes one have a false sense of comfort. The Lord warned us of such and armed us to be able to stay away from such and stand firm.
In Buddhism, they use meditation, mantras, mindfulness, rituals, symbolism, and yoga to evoke what they call a realization of enlightenment. Mindfulness is known as a spiritual practice that is claimed to try and understand the true nature of reality (which is a lie). They claim to use it to grasp one’s identity as permanent and cultivating a detachment from what they call a false reality so ‘rebirth’ doesn’t keep occurring. One thing to keep in mind, therapists try to use this as a relaxation method to help one receive healing, but that’s not what it’s used for with Buddhism.
One little thing to add, mantras are invoking spirits by sound, yoga is invoking spirits by movement, sorcery invoke spirits with altering substances.
The meditation the Lord requests, is of His Word, not mantras. Psalm 119 entirely gives a beautiful description, as well as many other books/chapters within the Word of God (the one true God).
Psalm 44:20–21- “If we had forgotten the name of our God or extended our hands to a strange god, would not God find this out? For He knows the secrets of the heart.” When we yoke to evil, God knows and sees. May we turn from our wicked ways, and yes, they are wicked indeed.
In Deuteronomy 4:39-40, God’s law was established and when the Lord sought to protect Israel and said- “Deuteronomy 4:39-40 (NASB95) “Know therefore today, and take it to your heart, that the LORD, He is God in heaven above and on the earth below; there is no other. “So you shall keep His statutes and His commandments which I am giving you today, that it may go well with you and with your children after you, and that you may live long on the land which the LORD your God is a giving you for all time.”
Joshua 23:6-8, 11 (NASB95) 6 “Be very firm, then, to keep and do all that is written in the book of the law of Moses, so that you may not turn aside from it to the right hand or to the left, 7 so that you will not associate with these nations, these which remain among you, or mention the name of their gods, or make anyone swear by them, or serve them, or bow down to them. 8 “But you are to cling to the LORD your God, as you have done to this day.” Joshua 23:6-8. And then verse 11, “so take diligent heed to yourselves to love the Lord your God.” (The Hebrew word ‘to bow down’ means to lay prostrate to worship God or false gods, in this case, He warned to not bow down to false gods).
Deuteronomy 5:6-11 (NASB95) 6 ‘I am the LORD your God who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery. 7 ‘You shall have no other gods before Me. 8 ‘You shall not make for yourself an idol, or any likeness of what is in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in the water under the earth. 9 ‘You shall not worship them or serve them; for I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children, and on the third and the fourth generations of those who hate Me, 10 but showing lovingkindness to thousands, to those who love Me and keep My commandments. 11 ‘You shall not take the name of the LORD your God in vain, for the LORD will not leave him unpunished who takes His name in vain." (Deuteronomy 5:6-11)
Matthew 6:7 (NASB95) “And when you are praying, do not use meaningless repetition as the Gentiles do, for they suppose that they will be heard for their many words.”
Psalm 119:97 (NASB95) “O how I love Your law! It is my meditation all the day.”
Psalm 77:12 (NASB95) “I will meditate on all Your work And muse (talk) on Your deeds.”
Joshua 1:8 (NASB95) “This book of the law shall not depart from your mouth, but you shall meditate on it day and night, so that you may be careful to do according to all that is written in it; for then you will make your way prosperous, and then you will have success.”
[2 Corinthians 10:3-7 NASB95] 3 "For though we walk in the flesh, we do not war according to the flesh, 4 for the weapons of our warfare are not of the flesh, but divinely powerful for the destruction of fortresses. 5 [We are] destroying speculations and every lofty thing raised up against the knowledge of God, and [we are] taking every thought captive to the obedience of Christ, 6 and we are ready to punish all disobedience, whenever your obedience is complete. 7 You are looking at things as they are outwardly. If anyone is confident in himself that he is Christ's, let him consider this again within himself, that just as he is Christ's, so also are we.”
We must take every thought captive unto the Lord. We must meditate on God’s word, being prayerful in all circumstances, thankful and praising our Lord for who He is as the Word teaches and instructs us; we must examine ourselves and check our motives unto the Lord.
If we remember anything from the garden and when satan was thrown out of heaven, it’s that he wants to be in control, creating his own allusion of reality, and trying to manipulate people into following him, his doctrines, and his distractions. As I’ve grown in relationship with the Lord, I’ve seen there’s so much about old false religions that God has told us about, warned us about, and protected us from. The saddest part of this, is there will be many that claim the name of Christ that will defend the practices of satan faster and with great determination than they will our Lord. We need to take a step back and truly examine ourselves. May we not turn aside and follow Satan, “for some have already turned aside to follow Satan” as the scriptures tell us in 1 Timothy 5:15 NASB1995.
Unfortunately like the Israelites in the wilderness, we tend to go to false gods and something to worship that was created by human hands. Exodus 32:8 (NASB95) “They have quickly turned aside from the way which I commanded them. They have made for themselves a molten calf, and have worshiped it and have sacrificed to it and said, ‘This is your god, O Israel, who brought you up from the land of Egypt!’” (Ultimately forsaking the One true God.)
And if we seem to think we are different from Adam and Eve, may we be reminded that the same mistake they have made, has slipped into the church.
Conclusion
We have become a church who thinks that just because we add “Christian” or “Jesus” to it that it makes it okay. But sisters, that is not so! What an insult to the Father and the Son! And we just keep allowing it to happen. We keep just compromising after compromising. And all that does is leave the current and future generations trapped in captivity of the enemy. “Behold, I have found only this, that God made men upright, but they have sought out many devices.”” Ecclesiastes 7:29 NASB1995
Now that we’ve went into a bit about what the New Age claims, and got into the grit, you can probably start to see common trends with the enemy. If anything, it shows how far Satan will go to get every one of us away from the Lord. The devil wants to counterfeit God by making people meditate on his doctrines and pull them away from God. We must remember how the Lord has warned us about the enemy trying to seep into the body for a long while. We have a Father who seeks to warn and protect the children He loves very dearly from the darkness of this world. True wisdom, knowledge, peace, protection, and life only come from the Lord, we only need Him, not other forms of idolatry and the false ways of this world.
As R. C. Sproul said, “I think the greatest weakness in the church today is that almost no one believes that God invests His power in the Bible. Everyone is looking for power in a program, in a methodology, in a technique, in anything and everything but that in which God has placed it—His Word. He alone has the power to change lives for eternity, and that power is focused on the Scriptures.” (R. C. Sproul, The Prayer of the Lord)
Lamentations 3:40-41 (NASB95) “Let us examine and probe our ways, and let us return to the LORD. We lift up our heart and hands toward God in heaven.”
2 Corinthians 13:5 (NASB95) “Test yourselves to see if you are in the faith; examine yourselves! Or do you not recognize this about yourselves, that Jesus Christ is in you--unless indeed you fail the test?”
[1Peter 3:18-22 NASB95] 18 “For Christ also died for sins once for all, [the] just for [the] unjust, so that He might bring us to God, having been put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the spirit; 19 in which also He went and made proclamation to the spirits [now] in prison, 20 who once were disobedient, when the patience of God kept waiting in the days of Noah, during the construction of the ark, in which a few, that is, eight persons, were brought safely through [the] water. 21 Corresponding to that, baptism now saves you--not the removal of dirt from the flesh, but an appeal to God for a good conscience--through the resurrection of Jesus Christ, 22 who is at the right hand of God, having gone into heaven, after angels and authorities and powers had been subjected to Him.”
God gives us the strength in Christ Jesus to knock down every idol that stands in our way. Never forget, “I can do all things through Him who strengthens me.” (Philippians 4:13 NASB1995)
We never have to feel alone, fearful, looking to other methods, depending on ourselves, or even misunderstood.
The Lord has told us [Joshua 1:9 NASB95] 9 "Have I not commanded you? Be strong and courageous! Do not tremble or be dismayed, for the LORD your God is with you wherever you go."
(Jeremiah 10:10-16 NASB) 10 But the LORD is the true God; He is the living God and the everlasting King. At His wrath the earthquakes, And the nations cannot endure His indignation. 11 Thus you shall say to them, “The gods that did not make the heavens and the earth will perish from the earth and from under the heavens.” 12 It is He who made the earth by His power, Who established the world by His wisdom; And by His understanding He has stretched out the heavens. 13 When He utters His voice, there is a tumult of waters in the heavens, And He causes the clouds to ascend from the end of the earth; He makes lightning for the rain, And brings out the wind from His storehouses. 14 Every man is stupid, devoid of knowledge; Every goldsmith is put to shame by his idols; For his molten images are deceitful, And there is no breath in them. 15 They are worthless, a work of mockery; In the time of their punishment they will perish. 16 The portion of Jacob is not like these; For the Maker of all is He, And Israel is the tribe of His inheritance; The LORD of hosts is His name.”
“Then He said to me, “It is done. I am the Alpha and the Omega, the beginning and the end. I will give to the one who thirsts from the spring of the water of life without cost. He who overcomes will inherit these things, and I will be his God and he will be My son. But for the cowardly and unbelieving and abominable and murderers and immoral persons and sorcerers and idolaters and all liars, their part will be in the lake that burns with fire and brimstone, which is the second death.”” Revelation 21:6-8 NASB1995
If you have any of the items mentioned, start by burning your items, just as was done in Acts 19:18-20, and if you have practiced any of these, the Lord reminds us, all we need to do is repent and turn from our sins and no longer partake in such practices.”
As Ecclesiastes 12:12-14 reminds us, “But beyond this, my son, be warned, the writing of many books is endless, and the excessive devotion to books is wearying to the body. The conclusion, when all has been heard, is: fear God and keep His commandments, because this applies to every person. For God will bring every act to judgment, everything which is hidden, whether it is good or evil.”
[1 Corinthians 10:14, 21-22 NASB95] “Therefore, my beloved, flee from idolatry. You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons; you cannot partake of the table of the Lord and the table of demons. Or do we provoke the Lord to jealousy? We are not stronger than He, are we?”
Some extra places in scripture to sit in:
1. Deuteronomy 7
2. Isaiah 12
3. Isaiah 14
4. Romans 8; 13:10-14
5. Isaiah 25-27
6. John 14:7-15
7.1 Corinthians 12:1-31
8. Ephesians 4
9.1 John 1-5
10. Hebrews 12
11. Zechariah 10
References:
Bharat Kalra. (n.d.). Retrieved from Reiki Healing Practitioner: http://www.reikihealingpractitioner.com/services2.html
Bharat Kalra. (n.d.). Retrieved from Reiki Healing Practitioner: http://www.reikihealingpractitioner.com/about.html
Chakra balancing. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.brettlarkin.com/chakra-balancing-healing-ways-balance-chakras/
Hurst, K. (n.d.). What is Reiki? Retrieved from The Law of Attraction by Greater Minds: https://www.thelawofattraction.com/7-benefits-reiki/
New Age Origins, Beginnings. (n.d.). Retrieved from Patheos: https://www.patheos.com/library/new-age/origins/beginnings
New Age Origins, Influences. (n.d.). Retrieved from Patheos: https://www.patheos.com/library/new-age/origins/influences
What Is Kundalini Syndrome? (And Can It Happen To You?). (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.brettlarkin.com/what-is-kundalini-syndrome/
The origin of the Enneagram - Claudio Naranjo speaks - June 2010: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wlO3KJWnNd8
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